Pengenalan Kucing (Cat)
Kucing, Felis silvestris catus, adalah sejenis karnivora. Kata "kucing" biasanya merujuk kepada "kucing" yang telah dijinakkan, tetapi bisa juga merujuk kepada "kucing besar" seperti singa, harimau, dan macan. Kucing telah berbaur dengan kehidupan manusia paling tidak sejak 6.000 tahun SM, dari kerangka kucing di Pulau Siprus. Orang Mesir Kuno dari 3.500 SM telah menggunakan kucing untuk menjauhkan tikus atau hewan pengerat lain dari lumbung yang manyimpan hasil panen. Saat ini, kucing adalah salah satu hewan peliharaan terpopuler di dunia. Kucing yang garis keturunannya tercatat secara resmi sebagai kucing trah atau galur murni (pure breed), seperti persia, siam, manx, sphinx. Kucing seperti ini biasanya dibiakkan di tempat pemeliharaan hewan resmi. Jumlah kucing ras hanyalah 1% dari seluruh kucing di dunia, sisanya adalah kucing dengan keturunan campuran seperti kucing liar atau kucing kampung. |
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Kucing dan keluarganya (singa, harimau, macan) memiliki kelainan dibandingkan mamalia lainnya: mereka tidak punya ketertarikan atas rasa manis. Diperkirakan, mereka memang tidak mampu mengenali rasa manis; padahal pengenalan (dan ketertarikan) akan rasa manis digunakan mamalia untuk mendeteksi kalori suatu makanan . Kucing mungkin suka makan es krim. Namun bukan rasa manis yang menariknya karena mereka secara genetis tidak bisa mengecap aroma manis. Demikian diungkapkan para peneliti. Menurut para ilmuwan AS dan Inggris, kucing rumah dan kucing liar - termasuk kucing besar seperti harimau dan cheetah - memiliki gen penerima rasa manis yang berbeda dibanding mamalia lain. Memang kadang-kadang kucing suka akan makanan yang manis menurut kita. Namun mereka akan menolak makanan yang hanya berasa manis tapi tidak mengandung bahan lain seperti mentega atau agar-agar. "Salah satu penjelasan mengenai hal ini adalah bahwa hewan-hewan itu tidak bisa mendeteksi senyawa perasa manis seperti gula atau pemanis lain, karena penerima rasa manis mereka tidak berfungsi," ujar Xia Li, seorang ahli genetis molekuler di Universitas Cornell, New York, yang memimpin penelitian. |
Kenapa Demikian??
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Menurut Li, mamalia mengecap rasa manis menggunakan receptor atau penerima, yakni semacam pintu molekuler yang dikenal sebagai T1R di pucuk-pucuk sel perasa mereka. T1R memiliki dua subunit yaitu T1R2 dan T1R3. Masing-masing diatur oleh gen terpisah. Dalam tulisan di journal Public Library of Science Genetics edisi online, Li menjelaskan bahwa ia menemukan perubahan pada encoding gen T1R2 pada kucing rumah, harimau, dan cheetah yang membuat mereka tidak merasakan manis. "Di luar ketidakmampuan mengecap rasa manis itu, indera perasa kucing lainnya normal," ujar Li. "Tidak berfungsinya penerima rasa manis ini menjelaskan mengapa kucing tidak tertarik pada makanan yang hanya sekedar manis," kata Joseph Brand, ilmuwan biofisika dari Cornell yang juga terlibat penelitian. "Dan ini mungkin berhubungan dengan evolusi yang membuat kucing menjadi hewan karnivora." "Yang tidak kami tahu adalah mana yang lebih dulu: Apakah hilangnya protein T1R2 membuat kucing menjadi karnivora atau karena mereka menjadi karnivora maka T1R2 hilang setelah tidak lagi diperlukan?" Anehnya beberapa jenis hewan karnivora tetap menyukai makanan manis, termasuk beruang, anjing, raccoon, dan lainnya. "Dalam hal kucing, itulah mungkin alasan mengapa hewan-hewan ini kadang sulit makan. Mereka tidak bisa menikmati hidangan penutup yang manis," |
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16 komentar: on "Ternyata Kucing Tidak Menyukai Manis"
KERN
saya lebih suka hamster dibanding dengan kucing ... hehehhe :i:
Apa memang lidah kucing seperti itu?
Pantesan dikasih kue gak mau :i:
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oh ternyata kucing tidak suka yang manis ya gan,,saya baru tahu..terimakasih informasinya gan,,
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